Somalia’s Political Crisis Deepens Ahead of Elections



MOGADISHU — Somalia is facing growing political tensions as disagreements over the country’s electoral process and federal system continue to deepen. The dispute has increasingly centered on the relationship between the federal government in Mogadishu and several federal member states, particularly Puntland.

At the heart of the crisis are disagreements over constitutional changes, the electoral system and the distribution of political authority between the central government and the states. Puntland and other regional actors have challenged decisions made by the federal government without broad political consensus, raising concerns about the legitimacy and inclusiveness of the electoral process.

The tensions have also taken on a security dimension. Earlier this month, Puntland forces took control of a government-held military camp in Galkayo following clashes with forces aligned with the federal government, highlighting the risk that political disagreements could develop into wider confrontation.

The electoral dispute comes after months of political uncertainty surrounding President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud’s mandate and proposed constitutional reforms. Opposition groups have challenged the extension of the president’s term, while the government maintains its position on the constitutional framework and the continuation of its mandate.

Analysts warn that the absence of agreement between Mogadishu and the federal member states could further weaken Somalia’s already fragile political institutions. With elections approaching, reaching a political settlement that is accepted by the major stakeholders will be crucial to preventing further instability.

For many Somalis, the central question is no longer simply when the elections will take place, but whether the process will be sufficiently inclusive and credible for the country’s competing political forces to accept its outcome.

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